Analysis of the use of antibiotics in the prophylaxis of operating wounds in cesarians carried out in a maternity, from 2015 to 2018

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the use of antibiotics in prophylaxis of surgical wounds, by demonstrating the antibiotic regimens prescribed in the pre and postoperative periods, analysis of the epidemiological profile and risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) in cesarean sections performed in a maternity. Methods: Cross-sectional study, retrospective and quantitative approach, based on the analysis of medical records of patients who underwent cesarean sections and who had SSI, from 2015 to 2018. Results: The sample was 303 pregnant women. The mean age was 24.1 years (24.8%), the most prevalent indication for cesarean section was Pre-eclampsia (17.2%). The main clinical criteria for SSI were erythema (38.9%) and edema (.6%). Antibiotic prophylaxis was administered to 87% of the patients, with first-generation cephalosporin. The most used regimen for treating 36SSI was a triple Cephalothin regimen associated with Gentamycin and Metronidazole (75%). Conclusion: SSI rates were high during the study period. Antibiotic prophylaxis does not define absolute protection against wound infection. SSI prolongs the length of hospitalization and readmission of patients who have late surgical site infection by 7 to 15 days.