Spirometric patterns of response to bronchodilator use in patients affected by respiratory diseases

Abstract

Objective: To study the response to bronchodilator in patients affected by respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis, describing the clinical characteristics evaluated, as well to evaluate the different spirometric patterns expressed in respiratory pathologies referred to spirometry. Methods: Medical records and spirometry of patients with asthma, bronchitis or rhinitis between the years 2016-2019 were selected. The spirometric tests consisted of a pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator stage. The following spirometric data were used: 1) forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), FEV₁/ FVC Pre and Post-bronchodilator. Results: Of the 34 patients evaluated in this study, 23 (70%) had a diagnosis of asthma and 9 (28%) of bronchitis and 1 (2%) of rhinitis. Asthmatics who presented with an obstructive clinical condition was 11 (47.82%) together with patients with bronchitis, who also mostly presented an obstructive clinical condition (55.55%). In the study, 22 (67%) had no response to the bronchodilator. Among asthmatics, pre-FVC% and post-FVC% showed a significant difference (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Considering patients with asthma and bronchitis, the expression of FVC after bronchodilator use showed a significant difference between the two pathologies, with a greater variation in FEV₁ values ​​in asthmatic patients.